Alferis words Essay Example

Alferis words Essay Example Alferis words Paper Alferis words Paper Eddie feels he is forced to ring the immigration bureau and all this because of jealousy. His jealousy built up as Catherine became more independent and mature. He realized she was slipping away from his grasp and dislikes it.Eddies own words were,  You can quicker get back a million dollars that was stole than a word you gave away.  Eddie betrayed his own beliefs, and lost the respect of the whole community and his honor because of jealousy Eddie, who ignored Alferis words of warning, You wont have a friend in the world, Eddie! Even those who understand will turn against you,  And all this because of the protectiveness and jealousy he didnt want to watch Catherine marrying.  Alfieri is one of the characters that is aware of Eddies motives behind his actions. Eddie visits Alfieri twice during the play once at the end of act one when Eddie is beginning to see that Catherine is in love with Rodolpho and Eddies jealousy is beginning to climax and also at the beginning of act two when Eddies has had enough and his heart tells him to do the wrong thing. Eddie you mean to tell me that theres no law that a guy which he aint right can go to work and marry a girl and ?  Eddie is speaking to Alfieri and you see that Eddies jealousy is greater than ever. Hes telling Alfieri that Rodolpho aint right implying that hes gay. Eddie is trying to find anything that will be able to stop the marriage between his Catherine and Rodolpho.  Alfieri is aware of why Eddie is visiting him. Alfieri sees that his love for his niece is greater than his love for his wife and Eddies jealousy for Rodolpho has forced Eddie to visit Alfieri to find a law that would stop the marriage. Alfieri But, Eddie, shes a woman now  Eddie Hes stealing from me!  Alfieri She wants to get married, Eddie. She cant marry you, can she?  Alfieri sees that Eddie looks at Catherine as more than just a niece. Eddie says Hes stealing from me implying that Catherine is his but Alfieri then says that  she cant marry you, can she so here you know that Alfieri is aware of Eddies love for his niece and he sees that sooner or later Eddie was going to do something very stupid because of his love and jealousy towards Catherine and Rodolphos relationship.  In Eddies second visit to Alfieri Eddie tries to dig deeper to find something that would stop the marriage. Alfieris last words to Eddie were. Alfieri When the law is wrong its because its unnatural, but in this case it is natural and a river will drown you if you buck it now. Let her go. And bless her.Somebody had to come for her Eddie sooner or later. You wont have a friend in the world, Eddie ! Even those who understand will turn against you, even the ones who feel the same will despite you!  Alfieri sees what Eddie is going to resort too and by saying you wont have a friend in the world hes trying to worn him off ringing the immigration bureau but Eddies love for his niece tells him to do the wrong thing. Beatrice was also one of the characters that were aware of his true feelings behind his motives but she gave the impression of being scared to say anything. Beatrice is seen as a timid person and wouldnt confront Eddie as he dominates her decisions and in a way scares her. Beatrice leaves the situation to begin with but as Eddie persists to be overprotective and begins interfering with Catherine and Rodolphos relationship she tries to make Catherine aware of Eddies motives behind his actions. We see a long duologue between Eddie and Beatrice that makes us realize that Beatrice is aware of Eddies motives when Eddie becomes agitated when Catherine is out,  When he aint working. He aint supposed to go advertising himself.  We know Catherine and Rodolpo have been dating for two weeks and are at the pictures when the scene opens. It is clear Eddies concern has grown; he pretends he is worried for Rodolphos safety, although it is obvious he is only becoming agitated at the thought of them being together out of his sight. Beatrice senses his distrust and jealousy,  (Smiling) Ah, go on, youre just jealous.  However, she keeps her feelings safe by presenting her thoughts almost as a joke and ignoring the fact she sees that Eddie loves Catherine really.  She trys to make Catherine aware of his feelings for her but Catherine is naà ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½ve and disillusioned by what Beatrice is trying to tell her.  But if you act like a baby hell b treatin you like a baby. Like when he comes home sometimes you throw yourself at him like when you was twelve years old  Beatrice is trying to tell Catherine that shes acting flirtatious round him and shes doing the wrong thing seen as though shes nearly a grown woman. Beatrice Sit down honey, I wanna tell you something. Here sit down. Was there ever any fella he liked for you? There wasnt was there?  Catherine But he says Rodolpho just after his papers  Beatrice Hell say anything. What does he care what he says? If it was a prince came here for you it would be no different. You know that dont you  Beatrice is subtlety trying to tell her that Eddie doesnt want to loose her and his jealousy wont let her go. Also by saying if it was a prince that came here for you it would be no different shes trying to tell Catherine that he has an attraction for her and that there will never be a man good enough for his Catherine.  Catherine is Eddie Madonna meaning he worships her and loves her. In his eyes he cant let her go but Catherine cant understand why.  Eddies jealousy then has a detrimental effect on Beatrice and Eddies relationship.  Eddies love for his niece Catherine interferes with their relationship. Beatrice feels as though she is second best to her own niece. Eddies jealousy has taken over their marriage. When am I going to be a wife again?  I aint been feeling good. They bother me since they came  In her desperate search to be accepted she even blames herself. From the start we saw how Eddie was in charge of the relationship, but now Beatrice is angered by his lack of attention  Eddie I want you to cut it out, right now, you hear me.  In Beatrices frustration she has stood up to him. The blatant accusing only frustrates and complicates Eddies thoughts, and it becomes clear their relationship is starting to break up. This is just from Eddies anger and jealousy toward Catherine and Rodolpho, not only is his marriage breaking apart but his relationship with Catherine is too. Eddie uses the excuse to cover up the fact he has more love for Catherine than Beatrice and Beatrice feels as though its pushing them further apart and is very fed up of not being loved because of Eddies jealousy.  Irony is a very important part to the play A View from the Bridge and also makes Eddies jealousy noticeable.  When Eddie warns Catherine and Beatrice that they must never discuss the submarine it is a strong example of prophetic irony because it foretells how Eddie will make his major error in judgment when he betrays Marco and Rodolpho along with the Lipari Cousins. Eddies humiliated and publicly accused by Marco. Just remember kid you can quicker get back a million dollars that was stole than a word you gave away  This is the warning Eddie gave to Beatrice and Catherine telling them not to mention anything about Rodolpho and Marco to anyone but in the end it was Eddie who went against his own words.  Alfieri was another person who also warned Eddie from doing the wrong thing  you wont have a friend in the world Eddie  But Eddie still doesnt listen to his warning and in the end turns into tragedy in Eddies death. In a view from the bridge Eddie realizes when its too late and hes dying that Beatrice love him and he loves Beatrice. He realizes that it was impossible to keep Catherine as he had tried and it was inevitable that one day he would have to let her go.  Eddies secret desire for Catherine is also incorporated in his self interest because all he could think of was himself and he didnt look at how happy Catherine and Rodolpho were, all he cared about was jealousy an trying to break them up by phoning the immigration bureau but all this caused was Catherine and himself to grow apart and for Catherine to finally see what type of a man he really was.  Eddie jealousy leads to the huge tragedy at the end. Instead of putting his feelings aside for Catherine he left them grow until his outburst of jealousy turned into tragedy and in the end he realizes what a terrible mistake he has made.

Start Writing that Essay and See It to Completion!

Start Writing that Essay and See It to Completion! Start Writing that Essay and See It to Completion! Writing skills are a necessity in school and most people’s everyday life. If you worry about writing, have a tendency to procrastinate, or are fearful about the assignment, here are some tips to help you start writing a strong essay and finish it by deadline. #1 Set a STRICT final deadline. Deadlines are important because they compel a writer to get the work in small chunks, within a manageable time frame. If you find that you have difficulty holding yourself accountable, set computer calendar reminders and ask a friend, parent, or someone else to remind you of your goals. Set extra reminders as the final due date approaches. #2 Set a daily quota. This will help you reach your deadline and (as mentioned in item #1) break the writing task into easier, more manageable tasks. #3 Write every day. Writing every day will help you develop the habit of thinking I get to write today, instead of â€Å"I have to write today.† (And, if that mental shift doesn’t happen, at least it will be a routine that compels you to get the job done.) #4 Shut off electronic devices and find a place to write comfortably. Rid yourself of all distractions which and become more focused on writing an essay that will catches the readers attention. #5 Visualize the finished piece. Be specific in your thought process and visualize exactly what your perfect essay can (and will) look like. Have your essays proofread by someone qualified to give appropriate feedback and edits. Our team of writing professionals at are ready to assist you. Talk to us at 1-800-573-0840.

Why the citizens of Turkey are against the government Speech or Presentation

Why the citizens of Turkey are against the government - Speech or Presentation Example However, when I saw what was happening to the protestors at the unrestrained hands of the police was shocking and tells me that we are not as free as we would like to think. It is hard to believe that it all started over a bunch of trees. Specifically the trees at the Taksim Square in the historic Gezi Park located in central Istanbul was all that was on the minds of the protestors as they made their way to the park on May 28, 2013 ( Franklin 1). It verifies for me that saying one is a democracy does not necessarily mean that you are living in one. I was going to join them. I am young, healthy, concerned citizen who believes that the trees in this historic environment are worth saving; we do not need another shopping center (Ozdil* 1). I was on my way to the park, when I heard something most people would not expect to hear. The police were firing tear gas and employing fire hoses to forcibly remove the protestors (Tibet). They just washed them away like they were nothing. We as peopl e were nothing in the eyes of law enforcement. They were just an inconvenience. This is not how you gain the trust and confidence of those who hope to lead. When law enforcement physically attacks peaceful protestors you know that hopes of a true democracy are still very far away. The next day more protestors came, until they reached, nearly, 1000 people strong.

95 Theses Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

95 Theses - Essay Example The corrupt practice of selling indulgences meant that salvation is in the hands of religious figure, which Luther completely defied in 95 these. He believed that the core idea of Christianity was to follow God’s commands so to gain his grace and this qusai practice enabled the poor or rich sinners to purchase salvation through Church issued bonds instead of seeking repentance from God (Iclnet.org, 2014). 95 theses contained a list of question for the religious authorities in a humble and academic manner, which does not contain direct criticism, but a recap of preaching of the religion itself. Luther focused on the fact that God seeks obedience from his creation if faith is not shown through the action of believer; he is not obedient at all and neither faithful to his creator. Thus, faith and deeds go hand in hand for the sake of salvation, which is only granted by God and none other authority of the world (6). In the middle ages, Catholic Church practiced the idea that through good deeds salvation can be traded, but this also required God’s will and grace. In 1517, the construction of Basilica of St. Peter inau gurated the trade of indulge purchasing practice. The aim was to raise funds for the construction, but the method adopted for it was highly controversial and faith twisting. Thus, Luther urged the Pope to invest his personal money in the construction instead of issuing these illegal and meaningless bonds to fool innocent believers. In the theses 20, he elaborates that the pope has no power or authority to eradicate any penalty imposed by the God, but the only penalty he can wave off is either imposed by him or the Church. Hereafter by no means is in his hands or in the power of any other mortal authority as the final judgment rests in God’s hands. Selling of indulgences meant that there is no liability of wrong actions on the person himself instead he can buy the indulgence bond

Racial hostility within the media Dissertation Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 9000 words

Racial hostility within the media - Dissertation Example Various researchers have pointed out that media has played an important role in terms of shaping the perceptions, beliefs and attitudes of people towards members of minority groups. In the United States of America, it was perceived that the media played a significant role in emphasizing the historical oppression and oppression of the African-Americans in relation to their White counterparts. In view of the same, researchers showed that the White Americans tend to have a complete lack of understanding towards the African-Americans. It is in this particular context that the researcher looked into the experiences of Michelle Obama during her husband’s presidential campaign in 2008. ... gainst a white oppressor† Generally, the racist comments were caused by the fact that Americans are not used to the fact that a Black Woman would take her place as the country’s first lady. Respondents in this particular study noted that the country is yet to be accustomed to such fact, thus they was not willing to accept Michelle Obama, thus the racist comments. Chapter 1 Introduction Background of the Study The media is known to be a very powerful institution that has been established within a democratic community. It aims to transmit and communicate cultural ideas, images, myths, and sequences of events (Nairn, Pega, McCreanor, Rankine, and Barnes 2006). Media discourse remains to be a significant means of reproducing shared beliefs and fundamental values of the society. Hence, the media plays a relevant role for exchanging opinions, knowledge, and information. The media, per se, have become a major instrument with which countries can establish and publicize its ideal s as they are expected to express a wide range of viewpoints, remain as objective and neutral as possible, and provide access to various groups, regardless of gender, racial background, religion, social class, and sexual orientation, to name a few (Wetherell and Potter 1992). Print and electronic media has made a significant impact on the daily lives of communities and its members as the television, radio, and print media, among other types of media, present the components out of which individuals can establish identities and make sense of themselves (e.g. meaning of one’s own gender, ethnicity, and national identity). Moreover, it enables the society to differentiate and understanding what it means to be â€Å"us† and â€Å"them† (McQuail 2000). At present, although the media is expected to reflect

The Controversial Issue Of Euthanasia Philosophy Essay

The Controversial Issue Of Euthanasia Philosophy Essay Euthanasia has been a controversial issue for a very long time. The ancient Romans and Greeks supported euthanasia after the interpretation of the Hippocratic Oath that was written around 400 B.C. They believed that the persons life should not be preserved if this person has no interest in life. Hence, voluntary euthanasia was not banned in the ancient Greek and Roman civilizations. However, committing Suicide as well as helping others to commit suicide was considered as a criminal act by the English jurisdiction during the 1300s. Euthanasia faced the first direct law against it in New York at the 1828 which was known as the Anti-Euthanasia law. Euthanasia like Abortion had become a major issue for debating in the following decades until the recent days .(Sandhyarani, 2001). Nowadays, all dictionaries and references define euthanasia as mercy killing of patients in severe incurable pain. Oxford dictionary for example, has defined euthanasia as: the painless killing of a patient suffe ring from an incurable and painful disease or in an irreversible coma. The way these definitions were defined came from the origin of the word Euthanasia, where Euthanasia is a Greek word came from the 17th century to combine two words, Eu which means well and easy and Thanatos meaning death.(Oxford dictionary, 2010). Euthanasia nowadays can be categorized into many different forms and types, the first and most common one is the active voluntary euthanasia where the patient is mercifully killed with his own will and request, its also known as the assisted suicide. Other different form is known as the involuntary passive euthanasia that let the patients die without their own request, this kind is known for patients who are in comas or unable to talk or communicate with others.(BBC, 2009). With the current debates and developments in the world, euthanasia is being discussed globally, legalized in some countries and still discussed in others. Netherland was the first country in the world to legalize Euthanasia in 2002, followed by Belgium at the end of 2002 and some parts in the United States of America. Switzerland on the other hand allows the physician assisted suicide in special cases but the euthanasia is still not legal in this country. What must be known about the laws of these countries is that they are strictly standardized for euthanasia as euthanasia is being applied only to specific kinds of patients. Euthanasia is indeed one of the most controversial issues to date. Taking both sides, supporting and opposing euthanasia in the society, doctors and governments into considerations, the main question now centers on whether Euthanasia is the right act to consider on the cases with no cure and whether euthanasia should be legalized. The process of painlessly helping a terminally ill person to die should be legalized as its a merciful act that offers dignity and compassion at lifes cruel end. People who are euthanized are going to die anyway. However, by legalizing euthanasia, they can be saved from suffering terrible pain.(Friedman, 2010) Therefore, governments should not stand in the way of letting severely ill people with no chances in getting cured to end their lives legally by Euthanasia. The following research project will hereby focus on the reasons why euthanasia should be legalized, what we can prevent and gain by legalizing euthanasia, effects of euthanasia and its future. The time frame used in this research project is from 2000 till date, the research is showing the latest ideas and arguments presented in the world where euthanasia is still developing and arguments involved in this issue are leaning more towards legalizing euthanasia day after day. 2.0 Body of Content 2.1 Euthanasia is a Freedom of Choice: Just as I shall select my ship when I am about to go on a voyage, or my house when I propose to take a residence, so I shall choose my death when I am about to depart from life. Lucius Annaeus Seneca (Roman Stoic Philosopher, orator and statesman) Every person was born free and has the right to die free with his own will. Moreover, dignified death is one of the fundamental rights people are supposed to have as being part and parcel of the fundamental rights to life. According to the Daily Telegraph (2008), Chantal Sebire was a French woman diagnosed with a rare type of cancer (a malignant neoplasm of the nasal vault) in 2002, her tumor developed and reached a point where it cannot be stopped or cured, it made sever deformities in Sebires face taking away the senses of smelling, tasting and eventually sight from her. Moreover, Sebire was suffering from horrible pain; she said a normal human would not allow an animal to go through. She appealed to the French court asking for a permission to have an assisted suicide as she could not bear the pain anymore. However, her appeal was rejected as euthanasia is not legal in France. Two days later Chantal Sebire was found dead as she committed suicide in her house after her appeal was re jected. It can be seen from that case that this way of crossing into death was unfair as it was more scary and painful experience than a regulated euthanasia. In Sebires case as well as other similar cases where cure is not found for patients, patients are going through horrible pain and they are going to die anyway, governments should not stand in the way of those severely ill people with no cure or treatment to end their lives legally by assisted suicide. Therefore, the life of those patients is their choice and they have the right to continue living or die peacefully. The pursuit of happiness is the pursuit of relief from pain and suffering. (Cockeram, 2007). By having the superior power in keeping the lives of patients with no chance in getting well or having cure is not giving them relief or even happiness, it is like holding their lives, watching them suffer at the last moments of their lives and locking them in a life they are not having since they have lost their senses, feelings or even conscious. Opponents of euthanasia argue that euthanasia is a cruel act and a human enforcement to end other people lives without their permission. Lozano mentioned that the Vatican believes that ending lives of severely ill people even the premature babies who are gravely ill by euthanasia is an illicit act as well as act of cruelty. (CNA, 2006). Therefore, opponents believe that euthanasia would violate the Gods gift of life and enforce in ending lives of people who are not able to communicate with others. However, according to the article 3 of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, Everyone has the right to life, liberty and security of person. Article 5 adds No one shall be subjected to torture or to cruel, inhuman or degrading treatment or punishment. If no one shall be subjected to torture, then why do we have to watch them suffer? (Euthanasia UK, 2007). Most of the people who choose euthanasia are those patients who suffer from diseases that cause a lot of pain and cannot be treated. If those patients choose not to bear the pain, they should have the right to do so. (Bose, 2011). It is the right of those patients with no cure to choose their own life and death. Other kind of brain dead patients who are in irreversible coma and cannot communicate have no chances in getting back to life or even getting well as in most cases their brains are damaged, it is in their favor as well as other patients favors with chances in getting cured to be euthanized, providing them with the mercy killing doesnt mean it is a cruel act against their will but it is ending their suffer, releasing their locked souls in no life and lowering the expenses their parents or relatives have to pay for hospitals only for keeping them alive but unconscious through machines. Euthanizing such patients can be by shortening the amount of oxygen or food given to them through machines and tubes. Therefore, euthanasia should not be considered as a cruel act but an act of mercy that gives patients and even their parents the right to choose life or death at the time of suffer and inevitable death.

Solving HealthCare’s eMail Security Problem Essay -- essays research p

Solving HealthCare’s eMail Security Problem Abstract While healthcare organizations have come to depend heavily on electronic mail, they do so without a significant email security infrastructure. New Federal law and regulation place new obligations on the organizations to either secure their email systems or drastically restrict their use. This paper discusses email security in a healthcare context. The paper considers and recommends solutions to the healthcare organization’s problem in securing its mail. Because email encryption will soon be a categorical requirement for healthcare organizations, email encryption is discussed in some detail. The paper describes details and benefits of domain level encryption model and considers how PKI is best deployed to support secure electronic mail. Motivation It is a simple fact that the US healthcare industry has come to depend heavily on electronic mail to support treatment, payment and general healthcare operations. Such use, though, is something of a badly kept secret as most healthcare organizations have explicit policy which either prohibits or seriously restricts the use of electronic mail for the transmission of any ‘patient identifiable’ health information. Historically, the industry has deemed patient identifiable health information as deserving of special protection, since, by its very nature, such information is highly confidential. Accepting the ‘inherent insecurity’ of electronic mail, healthcare organizations have done little to develop security infrastructure supporting use of electronic mail for confidential communication and instead adopted policies forbidding such use. It speaks to the utility of electronic mail, that even in spite of such policy, as much as 40% of all electronic mail emanating from healthcare organizations contains health information. A very small percentage of this email is encrypted or otherwise protected to ensure its confidentiality and authenticity. Federal law will prohibit future ‘unsecured’ use of electronic mail for transmission of health information. The Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (a.k.a. Public Law 104-191; a.k.a. HIPAA) obligates healthcare organizations to implement ‘reasonable and appropriate’ technical safeguards to ensure that the confidentiality and integrity of health information is preserved. While ‘reasonable and appropriate’ i... ...tration, â€Å"45 CFR Part 142 - Health Insurance Reform: Security and Electronic Signature Standards† Federal Register Vol 63, No. 155 August 12, 1998 (1998): 43242-43280. URL: http://aspe.hhs.gov/admnsimp/nprm/secnprm.pdf 11. Partner, Chris and Glaser, John â€Å"Myths about Healthcare IT Spending† Healthcare Informatics, July 2002 URL: http://www.healthcare- informatics.com/issues/2002/07_02/myths.htm 12. Perigee.net Corporation , â€Å"Perigee.net (Home Page)† URL: http://www .perigee.net/main.html 13. Ramsdell, Blake â€Å"S/MIME Version 3.1 Message Specification - draft-ietf-smimerfc2633bis- 03.txt January 16, 2003 URL: http://www.ietf.org/internet-drafts/draft-ietf-smime-rfc2633bis-03.txt 14. Dean, T and Ottaway, W. â€Å"RFC 3182 - Domain Security Services using S/MIME†. October, 2001. URL: http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc3183.txt?number=3183 15. United States Code, Title 18, Part I, Chapter 119, Section 2511† URL: http://www 4.law .cornell.edu/uscode/18/2511.html 16. Whitten, Alma and Tygar, J.D. â€Å"Why Johnny Can’t Encrypt:- A Usability Evaluation of PGP 5.0† Carneigie Mellon University School of Computer Science Technical Report CMU-CS 98-155. December, 1998 URL: http://www.cs.cmu.edu/~alma/johnny.pdf

Karl Marx and Human Nature Essay

I have taken for my study one chapter from the book Marx and human nature by Norman Geras. In the second chapter Norman Geras deals with the human nature and historical materialism. Although many Marxists denied Marx’s theory of human nature that there was a human nature to be found in Marx’s words, there is in fact a Marxist conception of human nature which remains, to some degree, constant throughout history and across social boundaries. The sixth of the Theses on Feuerbach provided the basics for this interpretation of Marx according to which there was no eternal human nature to be found in his works. Feuerbach resolves the essence of religion into the essence of man human nature. But the essence of man is no abstraction inherent in each single individual. In reality, it is the ensemble of the social relations. Feuerbach, who does not enter upon a criticism of this real essence, is hence obliged: Human nature Thus, Marx appears to say that human nature is no more than what is made by the social relations. Norman Geras’ Marx’s Theory of Human Nature, however, offers an extremely detailed argument against this position. In outline, Geras shows that, while the social relations are held to determine the nature of people, they are not the only such determinant. In fact, Marx makes statements where he specifically refers to a human nature which is more than what is conditioned by the circumstances of one’s life. In Capital, in a footnote critiquing utilitarianism, he says that ’’utilitarian’s must reckon with human nature in general, and then with human nature as modified in each historical epoch. Marx is arguing against an abstract conception of human nature, offering instead an account rooted in sensuous life. While he is quite explicit that individuals express their life, so they are. Hence what individuals are depends on the material conditions of their production, he also believes that human nature will condition (against the background of the productive forces and relations of production) the way in which individuals express their life. History involves a continuous transformation of human nature, though this does not mean that every aspect of human nature is wholly variable; what is transformed need not be wholly transformed. Marx did criticize the tendency to ‘transform into eternal laws of nature and of reason, the social forms springing from your present mode of production and form of property, a process sometimes called reification. For this reason, he would likely have wanted to criticize certain aspects of some accounts of human nature. Human beings collectively work on nature but do not do the same work; there is a division of labor in which people not only do different jobs, but according to Marxist theory, some people live from the work of others by owning the means of production. How this is accomplished depends on the type of society. Production is carried out through very definite relations between people. And, in turn, these production relations are determined by the level and character of the productive forces that are present at any given time in history. For Marx, productive forces refer to the means of production such as the tools, instruments, technology, land, raw materials, and human knowledge and abilities in terms of using these means of production. Human nature, Marx’s ethical thought and alienation Gears says of Marx’s work that: Whatever else it is, theory and socio-historical explanation, and scientific as it may be, that work is a moral indictment resting on the conception of essential human needs, an ethical standpoint, in other words, in which a view of human nature is involved . Alienation, for Marx, is the estrangement of humans from aspects of their human nature. Since – as we have seen – human nature consists in a particular set of vital drives and tendencies, whose exercise constitutes flourishing; alienation is a condition wherein these drives and tendencies are stunted. For essential powers, alienation substitutes disempowerment for making one’s own life one’s object, one’s life becoming an object of capital. Marx believes that alienation will be a feature of all society before communism. The opposite of, alienation is actualization or self-activity- the activity of the self, controlled by and for the self. Human nature and the expansion of the productive forces It has been held by several writers that it is Marx’s conception of human nature which explains the ‘primacy thesis’ concerning the expansion of the productive forces, which according to Marx, is itself the fundamental driving force of history. If true, this would make his account of human nature perhaps the most fundamental aspect of his work. Geras writes, ‘‘historical materialism itself, this whole distinctive approach to society that originates with Marx, rests squarely upon the idea of a human nature. It highlights that specific nexus of universal needs and capacities which explains the human productive process and man’s organized transformation of the material environment; which process and transformation it treats in turn as the basis both of the social order and of historical change. The tendency’s autonomy is just its independence of social structure, its rootedness in fundamental material facts of human nature and the human situation. Historical progress consists fundamentally in the growth of people’s abilities to shape and control the world about them. This is the most basic way in which they develop and express their human essence. Historical materialism Historical materialism started from a fundamental underlying reality of human existence: that in order for human beings to survive and continue existence from generation to generation, it is necessary for them to produce and reproduce the material requirements of life. Marx then extended this premise by asserting the importance of the fact that, in order to carry out production and exchange, people have to enter into very definite social relations, most fundamentally production relations. Norman Geras analyzed historical materialism and postulated that society has moved through a number of types or modes of production. That is, the character of the production relations is determined by the character of the productive forces; these could be the simple tools and instruments of early human existence, or the more developed machinery and technology of present age. The main modes of production Marx identified generally include primitive communism or tribal society (a prehistoric stage), ancient society, feudalism, and capitalism. In each of these social stages, people interact with nature and produce their living in different ways. Any surplus from that production is allotted in different ways. Ancient society was based on a ruling class of slave owners and a class of slaves; feudalism was based on landowners and serfs; and capitalism based on the capitalist class and the working class. The capitalist class privately owns the means of production, distribution and exchange (e. g. , factories, mines, shops and banks) while the working class live by exchanging their socialized labor with the apitalist class for wages. Marx identified the production relations of society (arising on the basis of given productive forces) as the economic base of society. He also explained that on the foundation of the economic base their arise certain political institutions, laws, customs, culture, etc. , and ideas, ways of thinking, morality, etc. These constituted the political/ideological superstructure of society. This superstructure not only has its origin in the economic base, but its features also ultimately correspond to the character and development of that economic base, i. . the way people organize society is determined by the economic base and the relations that arise from its mode of production. Historical materialism can be seen to rest on the following principles: 1. The basis of human society is how humans work on nature to produce the means of subsistence. 2. There is a division of labor into social classes (relations of production) based on property ownership where some people live from the labor of others. 3. The system of class division is dependent on the mode of production. 4.  The mode of production is based on the level of the productive forces. 5. Society moves from stage to stage when the dominant class is replaced by a new emerging class, by overthrowing the political shell that enforces the old relations of production no longer corresponding to the new productive forces. This takes place in the superstructure of society, the political arena in the form of revolution, whereby the underclass liberates the productive forces with new relations of production, and social relations, corresponding to it. Human nature and historical materialism Marx’s theory of history attempts to describe the way in which humans change their environments and (in dialectical relation) their environments change them as well. That is Not only do the objective conditions change in the act of reproduction, e. g. the village becomes a town, the wilderness a cleared field etc. but the producers change, too, in that they bring out new qualities in themselves, develop themselves in production, transform themselves, develop new powers and ideas, new needs and new language. The first premise of all human history is, of course, the existence of living human individuals. Thus the first fact to be established is the physical organization of these individuals and their consequent relation to the rest of nature. Thus History does nothing, it possesses no immense wealth, and it wages no battles. It is man, real, living man who does all that, who possesses and fights; history is not, as it were, a person apart, using man as a means to achieve its own aims; history is nothing but the activity of man pursuing his aims. So we can see that, even before we begin to consider the precise character of human nature, real, living humans, and the activity of man pursuing his aims is the very building block of Marx’s theory of history. Humans act upon the world, changing it and themselves; and in doing so they make history. But even beyond this, human nature plays two key roles. In the first place, it is part of the explanation for the growth of the productive forces, which Marx conceives of as the driving force of history. Secondly, the particular needs and drives of humans explain the class antagonism which is generated under capitalism. Conclusion and critical remarks Here I would like to say that Marxist philosophical anthropology is one sided. Its conception of human nature and human good overlooks the need for self identity than which nothing is more essentially human. The consequence of this is held to be that Marx and his followers have underestimated the importance of phenomena, such as religion and nationalism, which satisfy the need for self identity. In the study of human nature and historical materialism, history is what is made by human beings and its nature. According to Marx human beings are working and changing the world, Marx ignored all other factors that at work in the development of history. History has been developed not only by human beings but also through various elements. Historical materialism is caused by the production of things and there by arising social relationships. Here it implies that economy is the basic structure of society that controls and develops. But it is a reductionist approach, it is impossible to reduce the basic structure as economic relations alone.

Learn a Popular, Demanding French Idiom

Learn a Popular, Demanding French Idiom The French verb demander means to ask and is used in many idiomatic expressions. Learn how to apologize, ask for mercy, wonder and more with this list of expressions using  demander. Demander  is a regular -er verb and takes regular (classic) endings for its tenses.   One frequent mistake that English speakers make when using this verb is demander une question.  This construction doesnt exist in French. Instead, you would say poser une question. But someone can ask why:  Il ma demandà © pourquoi (He asked me why).  And you can ask someone for something:  Je vais demander un stylo Michel  (Im going to ask Michel for a pen). The Many Meanings of Demander to askto ask for, requestto apply forto require, needto send for Common French Expressions With Demander demander de laideto ask for help, assistance demander aide et assistanceto (formally) request aiddemander parler quelquunto ask to speak to someonedemander quelquun de infinitiveto ask someone to do somethingdemander voir quelquunto ask to see someonedemander le divorceto apply for divorcedemander grà ¢ceto ask for mercydemander limpossibleto ask for the impossibledemander la luneto ask for the moondemander pardon quelquunto apologize to someonedemander la paroleto ask for permission to speakdemander une permission (military)to request leavedemander la permission de infinitiveto ask for permission to infinitivedemander une questiondemander un service / une faveur quelquunto ask a favor of someonese demanderto wonder, to ask oneselfse demander bien pourquoito not be able to figure out why; to ask yourself whyCela ne se demande pas  !Thats a stupid question!Il est parti sans demander son reste.He left without a murmur.Que demande le peuple  ?What more could you ask for?Je ne demande qu vous voir.All I ask is to see you. Je ne demande pas mieux que infinitiveI ask for nothing more than to infinitiveune demanderequest, claim, applicationun demandeurplaintiff, petitioner, callerdemandà © (adj)in demand, sought after

The Hockey Game

The Hockey Game Free Online Research Papers There is only 10 minutes left of the game the score is 2-0 their way. We have to do something, and fast, if we have any hope of making it through the game and into the grand final. Glancing around the field at my exhausted teammates it seems as though we were on our last legs, but then, so were they. If we could just get a couple of more goals, we would be back in the game. Anticipation tingles through my leaden legs as a yellow and black player races towards me, pushing a small, white ball in front of her. The grass crushes under my feet as I run forward to meet her. Nothing matters anymore except the ball, and the brown haired girl with the ball. As she comes closer my mind races, what will she do? Will she dribble around me? What will happen if she hits it at me? What if I don’t jump fast enough? I hesitate for a second. Then I charge forward. The ball hits my hockey stick with a thud that sends vibrations up my arms. A brief struggle occurs as everyone gathers around us. The ball rolls between us and this time I don’t hesitate. Relief washes over me as the ball shoots back the other end. Safe again. My legs ache as I go back to my position. On the sidelines, there is black and yellow everywhere, but not much red and white. Gathered on the red and white side are my family, and all my teammate’s families, and no cheering on their part can match what is coming from the yellow and black side. I just hope that we can do better on the field than what they are doing on the sidelines. A roar fills the air. Down at the far end of the field Donnybrook players surround one of my teammates, giving him high fives before running back to the centre line. The other goalie looks into the air as if to say, â€Å"How could this happen to me?† The score is now 2-1 and there can’t be much longer left in the game. My heart races as the ball flies back down my end again. This time I’m not quite fast enough and the ball shoots past my reverse side. My heart beats faster. The only thing between the Springston player and the goals is the goalie. Guilt and frustration slow my movements. If only I was just a bit faster and hadn’t let the ball through. The ground beneath me vibrates with a loud thud. My head swings around to see our goalie lying on the ground in front of the goals, on top of the ball. The sound of a whistle pierces the air as the umpire calls a short corner. There are five of us behind the base line, the goalie, me and three other players. Around the goal circle Springston players surround us. The whistle shrieks a second time and my teammates dash forwards to meet the ball. I hang back, partly to defend the goals but mostly because of the terror rushing through my head. My mind rushes back to the short corner just a few games ago, when the ball hit me on the knee. The memory of that incident almost paralyses me with fear but my head knows that is in more danger standing there than running towards the ball, even if my heart doesn’t. I have an overwhelming sense of vulnerability with only shin guards, a mouth guard and a hockey stick to protect me as one of the players smash the ball at the goals behind me. My legs spring into action as I jump in the air while still keeping my stick on the ground. The stick resonates with a satisfying thud as the ball rebounds off it and is hit out of the circle by one of the Donnybrook players. Almost immediately afterwards, the whistle blows. Full time. Confusion reigns and no one knows what to do. The scores are even but there has to be a winner to go into the grand final. The umpire comes over to announce, â€Å"There will be 14 minutes of extra time, seven minutes each way, no break in between. First goal wins.† I take my place in front of the goals and wait for the game to start again. The ball is hit down my end. No sooner than I manage to hit it out, it comes racing back towards me. The rest of the game is played much like a game of ping-pong, with the ball flying back and forth, but no one is able to get a point. The whistle sounds for half time. My throat is crying out for water but I can do nothing about it since we are not allowed to have a drinks break. I trudge over to the other side, hoping we can hold out for another seven minutes. The game starts again and still no one can get the upper hand. At one stage, the ball went into the goals down my end but the player was outside of the circle so it doesn’t count. After that shot my team forced the ball down the other end, but still no goal. The game continues without any actual goals scored until the whistle blows for full time. Again. I move off to go shake hands with the other players, unsure what happens next since the game still ended a draw. Seeing the look of disappointment on my teammate’s faces and relief from the opposition, I could only guess. Even though it was a draw, the other team won because they were higher on the ladder. Research Papers on The Hockey GameThe Spring and AutumnWhere Wild and West MeetThe Masque of the Red Death Room meaningsCapital Punishment19 Century Society: A Deeply Divided EraHonest Iagos Truth through DeceptionHip-Hop is ArtLifes What IfsBook Review on The Autobiography of Malcolm XBionic Assembly System: A New Concept of Self

Examining Local Solutions Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Examining Local Solutions - Research Paper Example In regard to Toronto city, these sites are considered to be the contaminated sites, which appear to be so because of previous land-use activities, which among other things involves, waste disposal and manufacturing (Adkin 65). This problem has been extensive in Toronto due to gradual, but steady increase of industries in the urban center. Due to this fact, there have been efforts to transfer industries in the outcasts of the city. As a result, there have been vacant industry sites, which poses a great threat to environmental and health hazards to city dwellers. In light with these deliberations, it is apparent that the effort to develop the brown fields in Toronto is for the good course of solving some underlying problems associated wit h these sites. Some of these sites risks safety of people living around these areas. For example, it is obvious that some of these sites contain empty or uncovered construction grounds, which poses a risk of people being hurt as they pass by these sit es. The most at risk are children who are fond of playing in such grounds. Due to constructions that took place before the sites have been vacated, it is apparent that such constructions interferes with landscapes. This may cause soil erosion, and which consequently may lead to formation of gullies and eventually land slides (Todd 28). Abandoned sites also pose a threat of health hazards to people leaving in the neighborhood. For example, these sites may contain bushy grounds, which can attract hiding sites for mosquitoes. The sites may also contain grounds that act as mosquito breeding grounds. Mosquitoes cause malaria, which a fatal disease. It is also argued that people tend to stigmatize such sites. They consider them unpleasant for human beings, thus stigmatizing them. However, if these sites can effectively be developed, they can benefit both the government and people living around these areas. For example, if there could be measures to rehabilitate or develop these sites, the government can earn some revenue from them (Tomalty Para 6). Some of the ways through which government can develop these sites is through constructing social amenities, which can help improve the lives of the city dwellers. The government can also set up various government offices which can be used to facilitate government operation within the city. This would reduce congestion of some offices in the city, this enhancement of service delivery to the citizens. The private sector can also be allowed to develop these sites. This can allow the government to collect taxes from such developments, thus earning some revenue (Melissa and Erica Para 3). Additionally or alternatively, these sites can be put under greening programs. This involves planting of trees and other vegetation which help preserve the environment. Since the city is filled with much of carbon emissions mostly emanating from automobile, making such sites go green would help solve the problem of carbon emission. Vegetation helps absolve carbon dioxide and in return produces oxygen, which is healthy for human beings. Rationale for possible solutions The issue of brown fields affects people in the surrounding and the whole society in one way or another. Therefore, it is apparent that civil society involvement would be the best option in the effort to develop and solve problems associated with these sites (Heynen, Kaika and Swyngedouw 53). This is arguably true because when these

Managing High Performance commons assessment Essay

Managing High Performance commons assessment - Essay Example The firm also has to identify appropriate personnel to be promoted to management positions. This will be the focus of this paper. Performance management is defined by Armstrong as â€Å"the process of establishing shared understanding about what is to be achieved and how it is to be achieved, and an approach to managing and developing people that improves individual, team and organizational performance† (2009 p. 55). This implies that an organization has some goals or objectives to be achieved and these should be shared by all employees. In other words, employees should strive towards achieving company goals if the company is to have sustained success. However, employees are different and as such have different performance levels. Some are high performers while others are low performers and the managers should deal with low performance as early as possible for the success of the company. According to Cardy and Leonard (2011 p 137-138) it is not only low performance that needs to be checked but also high performance to understand success factors and enhance them. Rewarding high performance is also essent ial in ensuring the company maintains best talent by keeping such employees motivated. One way to achieve this goal is through promotions and recognitions. The first question that managers need to ask themselves is; who are the high performers? In this case, as a consultant I would advice the management to have a carefully devised job description which outlines what is to be performed, standards of performance, and how to measure performance (Armstrong 2009). The goals or standards against which performance is to be measured should be a mutual understanding between management and employees so that they can own up the process and be able to assess their own performance. Those who achieve beyond the expected standards are considered high performance and are best suited for promotions.